
Bangkok is facing another bout of elevated PM2.5 dust levels, prompting Governor Chadchart Sittipunt to announce a series of proactive measures on January 14, 2025. Recognizing the health risks posed by this air pollution, the city is implementing revised Work From Home (WFH) criteria, stricter vehicle emission controls, and exploring innovative long-term solutions.
Revised Work From Home Criteria for a More Proactive Approach
Previously, WFH was triggered when PM2.5 reached dangerous "red" levels in five districts. The new criteria are more sensitive and aim to prevent reaching those critical levels:
- Orange Alert: WFH will be announced if PM2.5 levels reach the "orange" level (37.6–75.0 µg/m³) in at least 70% of Bangkok (35 districts).
- Poor Ventilation: WFH will also be considered if ventilation rates drop below 2,000 square meters per second.
- Biomass Burning: The presence of over 80 burning hotspots for three consecutive days will also trigger WFH consideration.
This proactive approach aims to reduce traffic congestion, a major contributor to PM2.5, and protect public health. The effectiveness of WFH was demonstrated in February 2024, when participation from over 60,000 people resulted in a nearly 10% reduction in road traffic. The city is now urging more organizations to join the WFH network, aiming for 200,000 participating agencies. Organizations can register via the BMA link or contact the Air Quality and Noise Management Division at 0 2203 2951.
Combating Vehicle Emissions and Biomass Burning
Vehicle emissions remain a key source of PM2.5 pollution, exacerbated by a 20% increase in biomass burning compared to last year. Ongoing measures include:
- Low Emission Zone: Restrictions on six-wheeled vehicles (excluding electric, NGV, and Euro 5-6 compliant vehicles) within the Ratchadaphisek Ring Road area.
- Vehicle Maintenance: Encouraging engine oil and filter changes, with a current target of 500,000 vehicles (currently at 200,000).
- Stricter Enforcement: National efforts are intensifying to combat illegal biomass burning.
- Black Smoke Inspections: Increased inspections at bus depots and construction sites, with penalties for non-compliant vehicles.
- Exploring Innovative Solutions: Mist Spraying and More
Bangkok is also looking to the future with innovative solutions. One promising idea involves spraying mist along electric train lines and congested roads to potentially reduce PM10 levels, which contribute to PM2.5. However, this method requires scientific validation before widespread implementation.
A Collaborative Effort
Governor Chadchart stressed that tackling PM2.5 requires a multi-faceted approach involving government initiatives, technological solutions (like royal rainmaking), and active collaboration with all stakeholders. The BMA also encourages residents to wear masks during periods of high pollution and report vehicles emitting excessive black smoke.
This comprehensive approach demonstrates Bangkok's commitment to addressing the PM2.5 crisis and protecting the health of its citizens. The revised WFH criteria, combined with stricter emission controls and the exploration of innovative solutions, represent a significant step towards cleaner air for the city.